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                    [post_content] => Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) batteries store energy and provide backup power when the main power source fails. The technology used in UPS batteries has evolved over time and today a variety of options exist depending on budget, environment, desired lifecycle and even safety requirements.

This article explores the pros and cons behind five major battery types: lead acid, lithium iron phosphate, sodium-ion, lithium-ion and nickel-cadmium. All are leveraged by modern UPS systems; however, newer technology (namely lithium iron phosphate and sodium-ion) are rapidly gaining popularity for their cost-to-performance balance, safety ratings and low environmental impact.

 
Lead Acid (SLA)
Lead acid batteries are one of the most commonly used constructions in UPSs. They are reliable, cost-effective, easy to manufacture and offer a relatively large storage capacity; however, they have a shorter lifespan, heavier weight and occupy a much larger footprint than other battery types. Lead acid UPSs are generally cheaper to purchase upfront, but their short life makes them a much costlier option overtime -- especially when used in larger whole-building and mission-critical systems.

Another drawback with lead acid batteries is their environmental impact. Lead is a toxic material that requires specialized handling and disposal, and lead acid batteries tend to recharge inefficiently causing them to draw more power than other UPS options.

 	
Typical Battery Life: 2 - 3 years
 	
Upfront Cost: Low
 	
Long-Term Cost: High
 	
Maintenance: High
 	
Maximum Operating Temperature:  32 - 104 degrees F
 	
Environmental Impact: Medium

 
Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4)
Lithium iron phosphate batteries are rapidly gaining popularity with UPS manufacturers due to their long life, low maintenance and ecological benefits. Not to be confused with lithium-ion which we'll discuss later, lithium iron phosphate technology is also safe and stable even in warm conditions. In fact, they tend to outperform most other battery formats -- including lead acid -- in high temperature environments.

Lithium iron phosphate batteries have a 3x greater average lifespan (8 - 10 years) than traditional lead acid technology with very little maintenance required. Additionally, they are non-toxic and don't contain cobalt, a metal with environmental and ethical issues.

The downside to lithium iron phosphate is it's upfront cost, and UPSs built with lithium iron phosphate batteries tend to have a higher initial cost but a lower overall cost considering their long life, low maintenance need and highly efficient performance.

 	
Typical Battery Life: 8 - 10 years
 	
Upfront Cost: High
 	
Long-Term Cost: Low
 	
Maintenance: Low
 	
Maximum Operating Temperature:  32 - 113 degrees F
 	
Environmental Impact: Medium

 
Sodium-Ion (Na-Ion / SIB)
Sodium-ion battery technology has seen a resurgence in recent years due to it's low cost, wide temperature operating range, reliability and low ecological footprint. As their name implies, sodium-ion batteries use sodium ions to store and maintain an electric charge. Sodium, an abundant and low cost mineral, performs extremely well over long periods of time and in extreme conditions, and sodium-ion batteries are typically rated for 10 - 15 years in temperatures up to 140 degrees F.

The downside to sodium-ion technology is its low energy density, resulting in larger and heavier UPSs.

 	
Typical Battery Life: 10 - 15 years
 	
Upfront Cost: Low
 	
Long-Term Cost: Low
 	
Maintenance: Low
 	
Maximum Operating Temperature:  -4 - 140 degrees F
 	
Environmental Impact: Low

 
Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion)
Not to be confused with lithium iron phosphate which we discussed above, lithium-ion technology is being phased out of UPS use due to thermal concerns. As noted with consumer electronics, lithium-ion batteries can overheat uncontrollably, releasing gas and potentially causing a fire or explosion when damaged or operated in a hot environment.

That said, lithium-ion technology is still used due to its moderate cost and longer lifespan; however, regular inspection is recommended.

 	
Typical Battery Life: 8 - 10 years
 	
Upfront Cost: Medium
 	
Long-Term Cost: Medium
 	
Maintenance: Low
 	
Maximum Operating Temperature:  32 - 104 degrees F
 	
Environmental Impact: Medium

 
Nickel-Cadmium (NiCd)
Nickel-cadmium batteries have largely been phased out of UPS use due to their high overall cost and negative environmental impact. Though they have a long lifespan (15 - 20 years), nickel-cadmium batteries tend cost more than other battery constructions due to required maintenance and difficulties with manufacturing.

Additionally, nickel-cadmium batteries contain both nickel and cadmium -- two highly toxic materials -- making disposal difficult. Combine this with a large physical footprint and a tendency to loose charge even when not being cycled, and nickel-cadmium has rapidly lost favor with most UPS manufacturers.

 	
Typical Battery Life: 15 - 20 years
 	
Upfront Cost: Medium
 	
Long-Term Cost: High
 	
Maintenance: High
 	
Maximum Operating Temperature:  -4 - 104 degrees F
 	
Environmental Impact: High

 

Ready to purchase? Future Ready Solutions offers whole building and point-of-service UPS systems leveraging several of the technologies detailed above. Please contact us to discuss products and applications.

 



 
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                    [post_content] => Engage customers and grow your brand with custom brochures from Future Ready Solutions.

We offer a variety of white papers, brochures and solution guides that help explain the latest technology trends to home owners, building managers, architects and consultants, all branded with your logo and contact information.

Popular topics include: identifying and solving power problems, fiber-to-the-home and business, and cabling for ultra high-definition and high-speed infrastructures.

Custom-branded brochures are key part of Future Ready Solutions' service suite for integrators, installers and dealers. As leaders in emerging technology, we aim to provide and empower education for our partners and the broader industry. Learn more about our focus solution categories in our News & Insights Library.

Please email marketing@futurereadysolutions.com for a list of available custom-branded material or to submit your logo and preferred contact information.

 

 


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                    [post_content] => Centrally located uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems are one of the fastest growing product categories for audio-visual integrators. Historically deployed only for remote racks and devices, UPSs located at the main power panel protect and optimize power for the entire building from a single, easy-to-install and service location.

If you're new to the category and aren't sure whether to broaden your technology portfolio, this article explores the top 10 reasons why centrally located UPS technology will improve your business and customer relationships.

And when you're ready to get started, Future Ready Solutions will simplify the design, sale and installation process with the industry's leading UPS technology.

 

1. CUSTOMERS ARE ASKING FOR IT. Home and building owners understand the critical need for power protection and optimization. They understand the frustration of power loss and the damage power surges render to unprotected electronics. By presenting a centralized UPS system, you’re not only speaking in terms they understand but also offering a solution to a problem they know will arise.

2. INCREASE PROJECT SPEND. The average centralized UPS system adds $15,000 - $35,000 to the building installation package, and many systems can exceed $75,000 - $100,000 depending on the size of the project.

3. INCREASE PROJECT PROFITABILITY. Unlike consumer electronics and peripherals which have chased margins to the single digits, power products continue to enjoy strong margins and overall profitability.

4. POSITION YOUR COMPANY AS A TECHNOLOGY LEADER. Your customers depend on you as an expert in the latest building trends and technology. Centrally located UPS systems are one of the fastest growing integration trends thanks to new technology designed specifically for the smart buildings.

5. ENGAGE CUSTOMERS EARLIER IN THE DESIGN STAGE. Unlike audio-visual system design which typically occurs late in construction planning, power infrastructure design is an early part of virtually all projects. By offering centralized power protection and management you’ll engage customers faster, allowing you to broaden project scopes and increase project value.

6. NEW CONSTRUCTION & RETROFITS. Unlike most infrastructure hardware, centralized UPS systems easily integrate into both new and existing construction, giving you a reason to engage both new and existing customers.

7. OPTIMIZE AV PERFORMANCE. Clean and stable power is required for optimum hi-fidelity audio-visual signals. Centralized UPS systems ensure all connected electronics in the power grid – and your broader installation – perform flawlessly.

8. REDUCE ONSITE SERVICE CALLS. Dirty power creates strain on electronics, affecting their performance and shortening their life. Centralized power protection and management reduces device failures and improves overall long-term customer satisfaction.

9. CREATE COOPERATIVE RELATIONSHIPS WITH ELECTRICIANS. Many centralized UPS systems are sold by low-voltage integrators but installed by qualified electricians, creating a mutually beneficial partnership. This relationship coupled with your broader technology portfolio will create future partnership opportunities in both the residential and commercial market.

10. CREATE FUTURE UPSELL OPPORTUNITIES. Unlike competitive technology, centralized UPS systems from Future Ready Solutions are scalable and modular allowing you to reengage customers as the building’s power needs expand. The modules are all independent and can be installed and hot swapped without onsite electrical labor.

 

Ready to get started? Future Ready Solutions can help. We partner with Xtreme Power Conversion to turnkey the design, sale and installation of centrally located UPS systems that deliver 24/7/365 online power, protection and signal optimization from a single easy-to-deploy and manage location. Plus, our centralized approach costs up to 30% less than competitive solutions while also including presale engineering, onsite professional system startup, one-year onsite service and a three-year warranty. Contact us to discover the ease and reward of adding power to your portfolio.
                    [post_title] => 10 Reasons to Sell Centralized UPS Systems
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                    [post_content] => Centrally located uninterruptible power systems (UPS) are one of the fastest growing product categories for audio-visual integrators. Historically deployed only for remote racks and devices, UPSs located at the main power panel protect and optimize power for the entire building from a single, easy-to-install and service location.

Whether you're new to the category or simply looking to improve your installation experience, Future Ready Solutions and Xtreme Power Conversion are simplifying the design, sale, installation and maintenance of centralized UPS systems with innovative technology and industry-leading services.

The below article explores seven ways we simplify system deployment and improving overall profitability.

 

1. EASY-TO-UNDERSTAND TECHNOLOGY. Unlike distributed power management which places multiple components throughout the property, centrally located UPS systems consolidate power backup, surge protection and power signal optimization into a single package that’s installed at the main power panel. Simply choose a model based on the amperage of the connected circuits and add battery modules to increase the backup power protection time.

2. CUSTOMER SOLUTION GUIDES. Future Ready Solutions helps you present centralized UPS technology to local customers and electrical service partners with free, custom branded solution guides. They're an essential tool for explaining system value, closing sales and expanding your brand in your market.

3. PRESALE ENGINEERING SUPPORT. Future Ready Solutions offers presale system engineering support, including comprehensive design guides that navigate the requirements for large and small projects. Our step-by-step approach ensures system arrive ready for deployment in your specific environment.

4. SIMPLE SYSTEM DESIGN & INSTALLATION. By combining power backup, surge protection and signal optimization into a single package that's installed at the main power panel, centralized UPS systems consolidate installation and maintenance to a single easy-to-access location. In most applications, a certified electrician will wire a single connection between the main panel, the UPS system and a separate protected critical load panel.

5. PROFESSIONAL ONSITE COMMISSIONING. Future Ready Solutions includes onsite commissioning for all centralized UPS systems. Once hardware connections have been made, certified staff will come onsite to verify setup and warranty and place the system into operation.

6. POST-SALE ONSITE SUPPORT. Systems from Future Ready Solutions feature a manufacturer’s three (3) year warranty on hardware and batteries with an optional five (5) year upgrade on select configurations. Plus, systems include one (1) year of premium onsite service in the event of issues.

7. SIMPLE SYSTEM UPGRADES & MAINTENANCE. Centralized UPS systems from Future Ready Solutions and Xtreme Power Conversion feature a scalable, modular design allowing additional power modules to be added as the building’s power needs change. The modules are all independent and can be hot swapped without risk to the critical load; and should one power module fail, the remaining modules smoothly take over while updating system status and triggering notifications.

 

Ready to get started? Future Ready Solutions can help. We partner with Xtreme Power Conversion to turnkey the design, sale and installation of centrally located UPS systems that deliver 24/7/365 online power, protection and signal optimization from a single easy-to-deploy and manage location. Plus, our centralized approach costs up to 30% less than competitive solutions while also including presale engineering, onsite professional system startup, one-year onsite service and a three-year warranty. Contact us to discover the ease and reward of adding power to your portfolio.
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                    [post_content] => Power problems are the scourge of residential and commercial electronics, not to mention the toll they take on productivity and relaxation. Disruptions and irregularities in the power system, including voltage spikes (surges), voltage fluctuations (brownouts), dips (sags), total outages (blackouts) and noise (interference), affect electronic signal performance, damage electronic circuits and even create a fire risk depending on the severity and duration of the problem.

This article examines ten common power problems experienced in residential and commercial environments, including the power optimization products that address the issues.

Images were provided by Future Ready Solutions partner Xtreme Power Conversion.

 

 
Blackout
An AC blackout is a complete loss of power due to the absence of electricity. Also known as an outage, blackouts typically occur when there is a failure in the external power grid such as a downed line or blown transformer.

Blackouts don't typically damage electronics during the power outage, but rather when the power is restored due to a sudden surge in voltage that can overload sensitive components within the electronics. Additionally, blackouts can be followed by intermittent drops in voltage and cycling power that also detrimentally affects circuits, motors, compressors and other sensitive components.

Perhaps most frustrating, however, is the total loss of power that typically leaves buildings -- and everything inside -- in the dark.

 
Power Sag
A power sag is a brief drop in voltage often due to turning on or off large loads, short circuits in power lines and loose connections. Also known as a voltage dip, power sags are common when large, power hungry devices such as air conditioners, power tools, vacuums, appliances, motors and other industrial machinery power on thereby reducing the normal power level by 10% or more.

Unlike brownouts, which we will discuss below, power sags are usually brief in nature; however, their impact on electronics can still be catastrophic. Power sags are known to cause electronics to fail and/or reboot due to the erratic power flow, computers can lose data or suffer corrupt files, electronics can suffer premature wear and tear, and devices can overheat leading to, in extreme cases, electrical fires.

 
Power Surge
A power surge is a sudden, brief spike in electrical voltage that exceeds normal power levels. Power surges are often caused by lightning strikes, power grid fluctuations (including the initial surge of power after a blackout), the powering on of large appliances or motors, and faulty wiring.

Power surges can be catastrophic to electronics and other electrical devices, as the short burst of high electricity can overload their circuits. Products with circuit boards (think TVs, hi-fi equipment, computers, connected appliances and most other modern devices) are particularly prone to power surge damage because they rely on a specific amount of regulated voltage; however, in extreme surge events any device connected to the power grid can experience damage including circuit failure and the melting of metal and plastic components. Overload from power surges often causes the "burning odor" in failed electronics.

As with other power problems, power surges can also lead to less visible device damage including premature wear and tear and file corruption.

 
Brownout
An AC brownout is a longer-term drop in voltage within an electrical power system. Brownouts are usually caused by a reduction in power during periods of peak energy usage, such as during extremely hot or cool weather. Utility companies intentionally induce brownouts to reduce stress on the power grid and prevent a more catastrophic overload and potential blackout. High population density areas are the most prone to brownouts, as are those regularly impacted by severe weather and temperatures.

Brownouts are often indicated by dimming lights when the voltage drops, and this voltage reduction is what typically damages sensitive electronic circuits. Ironically, the intermittent voltage from brownouts can often be more destructive than a surge or total blackout, and brownouts are known to cause a host of issues including device malfunction and failure from underpowered circuits, computer data loss and file corruption, premature wear and tear, device overheating and even electrical fires.

 
Overvoltage
Overvoltage is an increase in electrical voltage that exceeds normal power levels. Unlike a power surge which is a brief spike, overvoltage occurs on a longer, more regular basis and is often permanently present unless addressed in the power infrastructure or with conditioning equipment.

A major cause of overvoltage is electromagnetic interference (also known as EMI). EMI induces unwanted voltage spikes on electronic circuits through capacitive and inductive coupling by essentially "injecting" additional power into the circuit. Switching power supplies, motors, high-speed electronics, appliances and lighting fixtures are common sources of EMI, as are simple power lines with high current fluctuations.

Regardless of the source, overvoltages can cause significant damage to electronics leading to premature failure, data loss and expensive repairs.

 
Normal Mode Noise
Normal mode noise, also known as differential mode noise, is electrical noise that travels in opposite directions on a pair of wires. When normal mode noise is present the current is flowing in one direction on one wire and in the opposite direction on the other. This imbalance will often cancel each other out; however, in extreme cases normal mode noise will distort electrical signals and affect electronic device performance.

Normal mode noise is typically caused by poorly connected conductors, erratic noise in the power source or load components, improper ground currents or circuit imbalances. It's also a common problem with low-cost switching power supplies and unbalanced signal transmission lines.

 
Common Mode Noise
Unlike normal mode noise, common mode noise travels in the same direction on a pair of wires. It's known as "common mode" because the direction of the currents is the same on both the positive and negative sides of the circuit. In most buildings, common mode noise is present between the signal lines and reference ground, thereby creating an uneven ground potential in the electrical system.

Common mode noise tends to be more problematic than normal mode noise because it's harder to filter out and can more easily spread to other circuits. It's also a greater issue when dealing with long cable lengths and high-speed data signals.

Common mode noise is typically caused when signal wires run too close to ground planes, in large or older properties where multiple ground potentials are present, in areas prone to high electromagnetic interference and from poorly wired connections.

 
Frequency Variation
Electrical frequency variations occur when there is an imbalance between the amount of electricity being generated and the actual demand for power, causing the alternating current to cycle at a faster or slower rate than normal. Lower frequencies are present with higher demand than supply, and higher frequencies are present with lower demand than supply.

Frequency variations can cause flickering lights, motors to run slower or faster than specification, clocks to lose time and other electronic device and appliance failures. In extreme cases, excessive frequency variations will cause devices to operate inefficiently and generate excess heat, ultimately leading to expensive repairs and creating a fire risk.

 
Switching Transient
A switching transient is a short-lived voltage or current fluctuation that occurs in an electrical circuit when there is a change in circuit conditions. Switching transients are typically brief periods of instability, such as when a light switch is turned on or off or when a breaker is opened or closed.

Unlike a power surge, switching transients have oscillating wave forms and the power circuit typically quickly settles into a steady state.

However, like a power surge, switching transients can cause damage to sensitive electronics, motors and even the power infrastructure itself. Switching transients can exceed the insulation capabilities of components and cables, creating a power arc and short circuit and ultimately leading to premature device failure and fire risk.

 
Harmonic Distortion
Harmonic distortion occurs when the electrical voltage isn't a smooth wave but has added spikes and irregularities due to the presence of additional frequencies. They are often caused by devices that draw power in pulses rather than a smooth sine wave, such as computers, hard drives, servers and LED lights.

Harmonic distortion can lead to the overheating of electronics, transformers, appliances and other devices with motors, ultimately leading to premature failure, data loss and expensive repairs.

 

 
Addressing Power Problems
In a perfect world, most power problems would be addressed outside the building by the utility company; however, as we've seen above, many issues are outside the utility provider's control, originate within the building's power infrastructure itself, or are even caused by the devices and appliances installed within the building.

In reality, it's often up to the building owner and their integrator to plan for and address power issues at individual locations or for the building as a whole.

Historically, surge protectors, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) and power conditioners were installed at locations where sensitive electronics were present; however, this distributed approach didn't protect the broader power grid and the other devices throughout the building, nor did it address the root cause of most power problems.

Today, centralized whole-building UPS systems are being installed at the main power panel thereby providing power optimization to the broader building and all connected devices. Centralized UPS systems effectively provide battery backup, surge protection and power conditioning to all devices downstream, and a properly installed whole-building UPS often costs less than individual power components and the repairs to devices that aren't protected.

Plus, centralized UPS systems ensure audio-visual and computer equipment operate within specification and output the ultra high-definition and high-fidelity signals you're paying for.

Future Ready Solutions offers a variety of power protection and optimization products including centralized and point-of-service UPS systems, surge protectors, power conditioners and power distribution devices. Contact us to learn more.

 

 
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                    [post_content] => Fiber optic connectors are available in a variety of formats depending on the cable type and connection style. This article explores the connectors commonly used in audio-visual, networking, broadcast, broadband internet and other low-voltage applications.

 
Before We Begin: Understanding Connector Polish
Fiber optic cable typically follows an industry-standard color code: a yellow jacket denotes single mode, an aqua jacket denotes multimode OM3, an orange jacket denotes multimode OM2, etc. But what about the connectors? What's the difference between blue connectors and green connectors? After all, both find their way onto single mode and, selectively, multimode cable.

The answer has to do with the connector endface polish, or the angle of connection, and the good news is connectors also follow industry-standard color codes. Aqua, beige, lime green and blue denote a straight through (also known as a flat or UPC) polish and dark green denotes an angled (or APC) polish.

The angle of polish is important and UPC connectors should not be mixed with APC connectors. Generally speaking, best practice is to match the color of the connector to the color of the electronic's or connectivity hardware's port.

APC connectors are polished at an 8 degree angle, while UPC connectors are polished with no angle, though they do have a slight curvature to ensure better optical core alignment. Why the difference? An angled construction provides less overall loss and is ideal for outside plant, demarcation wiring, internet broadband and other high optical wavelength applications.

In practice, you'll typically see APC connectors integrated before the modem and UPC connectors after the modem.



 
LC Connectors
Developed by Lucent Technologies, the LC connector is one of the most commonly integrated fiber optic connectors due to its compact size. LC connectors measure about half the size of SC connectors (as discussed below) and were designed for high density deployments where multiple fibers terminate within a confined space.

With a square-shaped body and compact ferrule diameter of 1.25mm, LC connectors are found on most modern networking electronics, SFP transceivers, audio-visual electronics and patch panels. Two LC connectors are commonly bound together with a plastic clip to create a duplex connection.

 	
Known as the "little connector" or "lucent-style connector"
 	
1.25mm ferrule size
 	
Snap-on type connection
 	
One fiber strand per connector
 	
Compatible with single mode and multimode fiber
 	
Commonly found on modern electronics, SFP transceivers, audio-visual extenders and patch panels

 
SC Connectors
Predating LC connectors, SC connectors were the predominant electronics fiber connector due to their convenient square shape and easy-to-terminate 2.5mm ferule size. While most devices have now turned to LCs due to their compact size, SC connectors are still widely used in broadband and patching applications thanks to their rugged construction and typically lower cost per connector.

SC connectors are typically found in outside plant, broadband and telecom applications, such as when wiring a modem or demarcation location. In these applications, one SC connector is often present (known as a simplex connection).

SC connectors are also still found on patch panels and interconnect hardware thanks to their cost and ease-of-termination. In these applications, two SC connectors are commonly bound together with a plastic clip to create a duplex connection. When used in patching, however, the SC connection is often adapted to an LC connection with a conversion patch cord.

 	
Known as the "standard connector", "square connector" or "subscriber connector"
 	
2.5mm ferrule size
 	
Snap-on type connection
 	
One fiber strand per connector
 	
Compatible with single mode and multimode fiber
 	
Commonly found on broadband internet devices (modems), outside plant connections, older electronics, some audio-visual extenders and patch panels

 
ST Connectors
ST connectors were one of the first connector types to be widely installed in fiber optic networking applications. Developed by AT&T, the ST connector features a twist-on bayonet design similar to a BNC video connection. For many years integrators appreciated the straight-forward, secure termination style; however, STs are harder to terminate in the field and have been largely replaced by LC and SC connections.

Like the SC connector, STs feature a 2.5mm ferrule.

 	
Known as the "straight-tip connector"
 	
2.5mm ferrule size
 	
Twist-on type connection
 	
One fiber strand per connector
 	
Compatible with single mode and multimode fiber
 	
Commonly found on older electronics and older patch panels

 
FC Connectors
Similar to the ST connector, FC connectors feature a round design with a 2.5mm ferrule. However, where ST connectors connect with a locking half twist, FC connectors screw on thanks to an overall threaded body.

Also like ST connectors, FC connectors are harder to terminate in the field and have been largely replaced by LC and SC connections. However, because of their durability, FC connectors still found on devices that require frequent connections and disconnections and applications with high vibration and motion.

 	
Known as the "ferrule core connector"
 	
2.5mm ferrule size
 	
Screw-on type connection
 	
One fiber strand per connector
 	
Compatible with single mode and multimode fiber
 	
Commonly found in broadcast and testing electronics

 
MPO/MTP Connectors
The final connectors on our list, MPO and MTPs feature a multi fiber design that's perfect for high-density and extreme bandwidth environments, such as data centers and switch-to-switch connections. Up to 24 fiber strands are commonly terminated in a single compact connector, though strand counts up to 72 are theoretically possible.

Originally developed as the multi-fiber push-on (MPO) connector, US Conec improved the design renaming it the MTP. Today, both are found in 10G, 40G, 100G, 400G and 800G networks.

Unlike LC, SC, ST and FC connectors, MPO and MTP connectors are not typically terminated in the field. Instead, built-to-length patch cords are used.

 	
Known as the "multi-fiber push-on connector"
 	
Push-pull type connection
 	
Up to 24 fiber strands per connector
 	
Compatible with single mode and multimode fiber
 	
Commonly found in high-density applications such as data centers or in switch-to-switch connections

 
Other Connectors & Next Steps
The connectors described in this article are commonly found in network, internet, security, audio-visual and datacom applications; however, other fiber optic connectors do exist. MTRJ, MU, SN Compact and OptiJack are just some of the other varieties used in different environments and applications; though they tend to be specialized and not present in integration.

Future Ready Solutions offers the training, tools, testers and connectivity products to identify, install and troubleshoot fiber optic connections in the field. Please contact us at www.futurereadysolutions.com for additional information.

 

 



 

 
                    [post_title] => Understanding Fiber Connector Types
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                    [post_content] => While fiber optic ports are becoming increasingly common on networked electronics, the majority of connected devices still rely on RJ45 twisted pair connections. To help bridge the copper-fiber divide, media converters and transceiver modules (also known as SFPs or mini-GBICs) are often required.

Media converters effectively convert one “media” format to a different media format — i.e., copper to fiber and vice versa. They can be used in pairs, with one converter on each end of the cable run, or in conjunction with other network-based devices, such as fiber-enabled network switches.

This article explores media converters, the fiber that connects them, and other hardware commonly deployed in copper-fiber hybrid integrations.

 


 
Why Integrate Fiber 
Fiber is increasingly being deployed in low-voltage installations. Why?

First, fiber extends cable runs. As projects continually increase in size, so do cable runs and devices are often remotely located and require extended lengths of cable. Twisted pair cable has a length limitation of 330 feet (100m) or less depending on device power and bandwidth. Optical based systems, on the other hand, leverage lasers to send signals 1000ft (300m) on multimode fiber and many miles on single mode fiber.

Second, fiber expands system bandwidth. High-performance twisted pair cables have a maximum bandwidth capability of 10G whereas fiber easily supports 100G+ (in fact, single mode fiber doesn’t have a bandwidth ceiling cap). This isn’t a problem for standard definition video devices; however, 4K video can push up to 18G and 8K video can push up to 48G. Simply put, twisted pair isn’t designed for ultra high-definition video distribution and monitoring.

Third, fiber is perfect for outdoor and environmentally-sensitive applications. Fiber’s glass construction creates immunity from surges, static, lightning and signal interference even over long and exposed runs. In older buildings, fiber also normalizes different ground planes that can cause image stability and performance issues.

Fourth, fiber is secure. Fiber is inherently resistant to eavesdropping and purposeful interference, as it transmits data using light pulses through glass, making it significantly harder to intercept than the electrical signals transmitted on twisted pair cables. For these reasons, fiber is the preferred choice for highly sensitive and mission-critical data transmission in both the public and private sectors.

Finally, fiber is cost-effective. Surprising to most integrators and building owners, fiber-based infrastructures often cost less than their twisted pair counterparts. Commonly used bulk single mode fiber costs around $0.30 per foot whereas high-quality twisted pair cable can exceed $0.60 or more per foot.

 
Choosing Fiber Cable and Connectors
Ultimately, fiber optic cable and connector type is dictated by the connections on the media converter and/or network switch. Thankfully, modern electronics are typically flexible due to swappable transceiver ports that adapt to different cable and connector types.

That said, there are some best practices when selecting interconnects:

First, integrate a cable with at least two optical strands (also known as duplex fiber). Most media converters leverage transceiver modules that feature two connections. The first connection is used to transmit data, and the second connection is used to receive data.

Second, integrate multimode mode fiber for runs under 1000ft (300m) and single mode fiber for runs over 1000ft (300m). Simply put, single mode fiber features a smaller core size that  leads to lower attenuation and therefore longer transmission distances and higher bandwidths. The physics are straight forward: a smaller pipe means less signal reflection. Most integrators choose to only integrate single mode fiber because of it’s flexibility, performance and cost.

Third, integrate a cable that’s built for your environment. Fiber optic cables are available in multiple jacket and armoring constructions. When choosing a cable consider whether you’ll need a burial-grade construction, something armored for added protection, or possible a plenum or riser rating for in-wall installation.

Fourth, integrate LC connectors. While older electronics featured a myriad of different connector formats, most modern transceiver modules feature duplex (two strand) LC connections.

Finally, verify your transceiver is compatible with your electronics, cable and connectors. The recommendations above are based on common standards; however, they don’t conform to every device or application. Perhaps your best move is to standardize design and sourcing from a single trusted source.

As an example, the below Future Ready Solutions’ products are compatible and commonly used in security applications:

 	
Fiber-to-twisted pair media converter (ROBOfiber LFC-1001-SFP)
 	
1G single mode transceiver module (LightSpeed SFP-1G-SM20K)
 	
Riser-rated duplex single mode bulk fiber (Cleerline D29125SMOSR)
 	
Single mode LC fiber optic connectors (Cleerline SSF-LC-SMUPC-10)

Future Ready Solutions also stocks additional products as required for most applications.

 
Media Converter to Media Converter Application
Now that we understand why and how to use fiber, let’s explore some common applications.

The most frequent application involves extending the connection between a twisted pair-based device (in this example a security camera) and a network switch as shown below. Two fiber-to-twisted pair media converters attach the devices using single mode fiber and LC connectors. The devices gain the benefits of distance, signal integrity, interference isolation and electrical immunity.

The parts list for this application includes:

 	
2x fiber-to-twisted pair media converters (ROBOfiber LFC-1001-SFP)
 	
2x 1G single mode transceiver modules (LightSpeed SFP-1G-SM20K)
 	
1x riser-rated duplex single mode bulk fiber 1000ft spool (Cleerline D29125SMOSR)
 	
1x 10-pack of single mode LC fiber optic connectors (Cleerline SSF-LC-SMUPC-10)



 
Multi-Fiber Media Converter to Media Converter Application
It's not uncommon to see multiple different types of fiber in a single installation. For example, multimode fiber might be used to wire ports within the building, whereas single mode fiber is used to wire remote locations outside the building.

The good news is most media converters support both multimode and single mode fiber with a simple SFP transceiver swap.

The below application shows two fiber connections with twisted pair-based devices: an access point is connected to a network switch using multimode fiber and LC connectors, and a security camera is connected to a network switch using single mode fiber and LC connectors. The same media converters are used; however, the transceiver modules are specific to the fiber type.

Both cable runs gain the benefits of distance, signal integrity, interference isolation and electrical immunity.

The parts list for this application includes:

 	
4x fiber-to-twisted pair media converters (ROBOfiber LFC-1001-SFP)
 	
2x 1G single mode transceiver modules (LightSpeed SFP-1G-SM20K)
 	
2x 1G multimode transceiver modules (LightSpeed SFP-1G-MM550)
 	
1x riser-rated duplex multimode bulk fiber 1000ft spool (Cleerline D50125MOM3R-1000)
 	
1x plenum-rated duplex single mode bulk fiber 1000ft spool (Cleerline D29125SMOSP-1000)
 	
1x 10-pack of multimode LC fiber connectors (Cleerline SSF-LC-MMFPC-10)
 	
1x 10-pack of single mode LC fiber connectors (Cleerline SSF-LC-SMUPC-10)



 
Media Converter to Network Switch Application
A third frequent application involves connecting a fiber-to-twisted pair media converter directly to a fiber port on a network switch over an extended distance as shown below.

In this application, the network switch connects to to the media converter using single mode fiber and LC connectors; however, the cable run passes through two outdoor enclosures that transition the cable from indoor riser to outdoor direct burial. Cable transitions are common in remote outdoor applications such as build-to-building connectivity and security based installations.

As with the previous applications, both the media converter and network switch use matching SFP transceiver modules, and an incoming fiber-based internet connection is present.

The parts list for this application includes:

 	
1x fiber-to-twisted pair media converter (ROBOfiber LFC-1001-SFP)
 	
1x fiber and twisted pair industrial network switch (ROBOfiber HGW-804SM)
 	
2x 1G single mode transceiver modules (LightSpeed SFP-1G-SM20K)
 	
1x riser-rated duplex single mode bulk fiber 1000ft spool (Cleerline D29125SMOSR)
 	
1x direct-burial two strand single mode bulk fiber 1000ft spool (Cleerline 2ACS9125OS2PE-1000)
 	
2x 10-pack of single mode LC fiber optic connectors (Cleerline SSF-LC-SMUPC-10)
 	
2x outdoor hybrid LGX fiber enclosures (LightSpeed FTTX-NID-LGX)
 	
2x hybrid LGX fiber panels (LightSpeed FTTX-LGX-MIXED)
 	
1x FTTx outdoor demarcation enclosure (LightSpeed FTTX-NID-150)



 
Final Notes and Product Selection
Media converters are available in a variety of formats with different capabilities. ROBOfiber, a leader in the category, offers models for 1G, 10G and even for multiple twisted pair connections. A list of products is available on the Future Ready Solutions website.

ROBOfiber also offers industrial network switches and other fiber-based signal management solutions.

No matter what product you choose, keep in mind fiber-based electronics require local power for proper operation. Fiber optic cable does not transmit PoE or other voltage — that’s what makes it perfect for EM, RF, static and surge immunity.

Additional information on the products and applications discussed above is available from Future Ready Solutions.
                    [post_title] => Connecting Twisted Pair Devices to a Fiber Optic Cable
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                    [post_content] => While fiber optic ports are becoming increasingly common on networked electronics, the majority of security and access control devices still rely on RJ45 twisted pair  connections. To help bridge the copper-fiber divide, media converters and transceiver modules (also known as SFPs or mini-GBICs) are often required.

Media converters effectively convert one "media" format to a different media format -- i.e., copper to fiber and vice versa. They can be used in pairs, with one converter on each end of the cable run, or in conjunction with other network-based devices, such as fiber-enabled network switches.

This article explores media converters, the fiber that connects them, and other hardware commonly deployed in fiber-based security and access control applications.

 
Why Integrate Fiber in Security Applications
Fiber is a natural fit for security and access control applications. Why?

First, fiber extends cable runs. Security cameras in particular are often remotely located and require extended lengths of cable. Twisted pair cable has a length limitation of 330 feet (100m) or less depending on device power and bandwidth. Optical based systems, on the other hand, leverage lasers to send signals 1000ft (300m) on multimode fiber and many miles on single mode fiber.

Second, fiber expands system bandwidth. High-performance twisted pair cables have a maximum bandwidth capability of 10G whereas fiber easily supports 100G+ (in fact, single mode fiber doesn't have a bandwidth ceiling cap). This isn't a problem for standard definition cameras; however, 4K cameras can push up to 18G and 8K cameras can push up to 48G. Simply put, twisted pair isn't designed for ultra high-definition video distribution and monitoring.

Third, fiber is perfect for outdoor and environmentally-sensitive applications. Fiber's glass construction creates immunity from surges, static, lightning and signal interference even over long and exposed runs. In older buildings, fiber also normalizes different ground planes that can cause image stability and performance issues.

Fourth, fiber is secure. Fiber is inherently resistant to eavesdropping and purposeful interference, as it transmits data using light pulses through glass, making it significantly harder to intercept than the electrical signals transmitted on twisted pair cables. For these reasons, fiber is the preferred choice for highly sensitive data transmission in both the public and private sectors.

Finally, fiber is cost-effective. Surprising to most integrators and building owners, fiber-based infrastructures often cost less than their twisted pair counterparts. Commonly used bulk single mode fiber costs around $0.30 per foot whereas high-quality twisted pair cable can exceed $0.60 or more per foot.

 
Choosing Fiber Cable and Connectors
Ultimately, fiber optic cable and connector type is dictated by the connections on the media converter and/or network switch. Thankfully, modern electronics are typically flexible due to swappable transceiver ports that adapt to different cable and connector types.

That said, there are some best practices when selecting interconnects:

First, integrate a cable with at least two optical strands (also known as duplex fiber). Most media converters leverage transceiver modules that feature two connections. The first connection is used to transmit data, and the second connection is used to receive data.

Second, integrate multimode mode fiber for runs under 1000ft (300m) and single mode fiber for runs over 1000ft (300m). Simply put, single mode fiber features a smaller core size that  leads to lower attenuation and therefore longer transmission distances and higher bandwidths. The physics are straight forward: a smaller pipe means less signal reflection. Most integrators choose to only integrate single mode fiber because of it's flexibility, performance and cost.

Third, integrate a cable that's built for your environment. Fiber optic cables are available in multiple jacket and armoring constructions. When choosing a cable consider whether you'll need a burial-grade construction, something armored for added protection, or possible a plenum or riser rating for in-wall installation.

Fourth, integrate LC connectors. While older electronics featured a myriad of different connector formats, most modern transceiver modules feature duplex (two strand) LC connections.

Finally, verify your transceiver is compatible with your electronics, cable and connectors. The recommendations above are based on common standards; however, they don't conform to every device or application. Perhaps your best move is to standardize design and sourcing from a single trusted source.

As an example, the below Future Ready Solutions' products are compatible and commonly used in security applications:

 	
Fiber-to-twisted pair media converter (ROBOfiber LFC-1001-SFP)
 	
1G single mode transceiver module (LightSpeed SFP-1G-SM20K)
 	
Riser-rated duplex single mode bulk fiber (Cleerline D29125SMOSR)
 	
Single mode LC fiber optic connectors (Cleerline SSF-LC-SMUPC-10)

Future Ready Solutions also stocks additional products as required for most applications.

 
Media Converter to Media Converter Application
Now that we understand why and how to use fiber in security and access control, let's explore some common applications.

The most frequent application involves extending the connection between a twisted pair-based camera and network switch as shown below. Two fiber-to-twisted pair media converters attach the devices using single mode fiber and LC connectors. The devices gain the benefits of distance, signal integrity, interference isolation and electrical immunity.

The parts list for this application includes:

 	
2x fiber-to-twisted pair media converters (ROBOfiber LFC-1001-SFP)
 	
2x 1G single mode transceiver modules (LightSpeed SFP-1G-SM20K)
 	
1x riser-rated duplex single mode bulk fiber 1000ft spool (Cleerline D29125SMOSR)
 	
1x 10-pack of single mode LC fiber optic connectors (Cleerline SSF-LC-SMUPC-10)



 

 
Media Converter to Network Switch Application
A second frequent application involves connecting a fiber-t0-twisted pair media converter directly to a fiber port on a network switch as shown below.

In this application, the network switch connects to to the media converter using single mode fiber and LC connectors. Both the media converter and network switch use matching SFP transceiver modules.

The application also shows an incoming fiber-based internet connection.

The parts list for this application includes:

 	
1x fiber-to-twisted pair media converter (ROBOfiber LFC-1001-SFP)
 	
1x fiber and twisted pair industrial network switch (ROBOfiber HGW-804SM)
 	
2x 1G single mode transceiver modules (LightSpeed SFP-1G-SM20K)
 	
1x riser-rated duplex single mode bulk fiber 1000ft spool (Cleerline D29125SMOSR)
 	
1x 10-pack of single mode LC fiber optic connectors (Cleerline SSF-LC-SMUPC-10)
 	
1x FTTx outdoor demarcation enclosure (LightSpeed FTTX-NID-150)



 

 
Media Converter to Extended Network Switch Application
A third frequent application involves connecting a fiber-t0-twisted pair media converter directly to a fiber port on a network switch over an extended distance as shown below.

In this application, the network switch connects to to the media converter using single mode fiber and LC connectors; however, the cable run passes through two outdoor enclosures that transition the cable from indoor riser to outdoor direct burial. Cable transitions are common in security applications, as cameras are often located outdoors or in remote locations.

As with the previous application, both the media converter and network switch use matching SFP transceiver modules, and an incoming fiber-based internet connection is present.

The parts list for this application includes:

 	
1x fiber-to-twisted pair media converter (ROBOfiber LFC-1001-SFP)
 	
1x fiber and twisted pair industrial network switch (ROBOfiber HGW-804SM)
 	
2x 1G single mode transceiver modules (LightSpeed SFP-1G-SM20K)
 	
1x riser-rated duplex single mode bulk fiber 1000ft spool (Cleerline D29125SMOSR)
 	
1x direct-burial two strand single mode bulk fiber 1000ft spool (Cleerline 2ACS9125OS2PE-1000)
 	
2x 10-pack of single mode LC fiber optic connectors (Cleerline SSF-LC-SMUPC-10)
 	
2x outdoor hybrid LGX fiber enclosures (LightSpeed FTTX-NID-LGX)
 	
2x hybrid LGX fiber panels (LightSpeed FTTX-LGX-MIXED)
 	
1x FTTx outdoor demarcation enclosure (LightSpeed FTTX-NID-150)



 
Final Notes and Product Selection
Media converters are available in a variety of formats with different capabilities. ROBOfiber, a leader in the category, offers models for 1G, 10G and even for multiple twisted pair connections. A list of products is available on the Future Ready Solutions website.

ROBOfiber also offers industrial network switches and other fiber-based signal management solutions.

No matter what product you choose, keep in mind fiber-based electronics require local power for proper operation. Fiber optic cable does not transmit PoE or other voltage -- that's what makes it perfect for EM, RF, static and surge immunity.

Additional information on the products and applications discussed above is available from Future Ready Solutions.

 
                    [post_title] => Extending Security Cameras over Fiber
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                    [post_content] => Fiber has become more widely integrated thanks to its bandwidth, reliability, durability and cost. In fact, many installations now include fiber in each standard prewire bundle thanks to bulk cable costs under $0.30 per foot.

However, cable alone won't make an installation -- cable requires the termination of connectors, and often multiple cables must be connected together to form longer, unified runs. The process of terminating and joining fiber is known as splicing, and this article explores the two main methods of fiber splicing: mechanical and fusion.

We'll examine the pros and cons of each method, as well as the tools required to successfully splice cables and connectors.

 

 
The Basics
Fiber optic connector termination and/or the joining of two separate fiber optic cables is known as "splicing," and splicing can be accomplished with two common methods:

 	
Fusion splicing -- using heat or an electric arc to weld the two separate pieces together
 	
Mechanical splicing -- using a self-contained assembly to hold the two separate pieces together

Fusion splicing, as implied by the name, actually fuses the two cables together, whereas mechanical splicing simply holds the two pieces in place.

Each splicing method has advantages; though before we discuss the pros and cons it's important to understand what each method is not -- messy, time consuming and specialized. 

Early splicing systems required onerous steps including manual polishing and the application of liquids and epoxy; however, modern systems, including those from Cleerline Fiber, leverage factory pre-polished connectors with encased index matching gel, allowing for quick, easy and clean terminations in the field.

 
Tool Cost
The most notable difference between mechanical splicing and fusion splicing systems is the tool cost and, frankly, this can be a barrier to entry for many integrators.

Reliable fusion splicing systems typically cost upwards of $5,000 with many ranging toward $15,000+. The majority of the cost is the fusion splicer itself which must heat and arc weld the fiber strands together. Fusion splicers also requires in-field power, setup time, and periodic maintenance.

Mechanical splicing systems, on the other hand, cost around $500 and include mainly wear components that can be individually replaced (kevlar sheers, cable strippers, etc.).

Tool costs alone tend to sway many integrators toward mechanical systems, especially if fiber is still an occasional installation for them.

 
Connector Cost & Format
Connector cost and format also plays into the consideration between mechanical or fusion systems.

Mechanical systems use field-installable connectors to terminate the end of the cable and field-installable splices to join two cables together. Depending on the manufacturer, these connectors and splices can be crimp-on or snap-on.

Snap-on mechanical connectors and splices, such as Cleerline SSF connectors and universal mechanical splice systems, command a major advantage of being re-usable and relatively low cost (starting around $10 per connector depending on the format).

Crimp-on mechanical connectors and splices, on the other hand, cannot be re-terminated and tend to cost more (starting around $14 per connector depending on the format).

Unlike mechanical systems which include separate connectors for the ends of cables and splices for joining two separate cables, fusion-based systems only splice two separate cables together. Therefore "pigtails", or short pre-terminated cables, are used for connector termination. Pigtails are available in a variety of constructions and typically cost less than mechanical connectors (starting around $3 per connector depending on the format).

 
Setup and Termination Time
Setup and termination time varies between mechanical and fusion splicing systems, and proper selection is often based on the scope and frequency of the installation.

Mechanical splicing systems setup quickly -- basically as fast as you can unpack a tool bag -- whereas fusion splicing systems typically require 10 or more minutes to fully deploy. Additionally, fusion systems require power through an AC connection or batteries and take up significantly more working space.

Once setup, the actual termination process for both mechanical and fusion splicing systems is similar: most mechanical connectors install in around 30 - 60 seconds, whereas most fusion connectors install in around 20 - 45 seconds.

Higher-end fusion systems do have one significant advantage: they can fuse multiple cables simultaneously. That means 20 - 45 seconds can terminate 6 strand, 12 strand or even higher strand count cables when using a multi-strand pigtail -- a major time saver on very large projects.

 
Performance
Performance, most notably signal loss, also plays into the selection of mechanical and fusion splicing systems.

Fusion spliced connections offer very high quality light transmission and low reflectance, resulting in an overall average signal loss of 0.1 - 0.2 dB when measured with optical test equipment.

Mechanical spliced connections are subject to more variability based on the connector style and termination process used, resulting in an overall average signal loss of 0.2 - 0.3 db when measured with optical test equipment.

The higher loss in mechanical systems is still within virtually all installation "link budgets", or the acceptable loss tolerances of the installation and its electronics, and for that reason more and more mechanical connectors are being deployed.

 
Conclusion
So what's best? Fusion splicing or mechanical splicing? There really isn't a clear winner. Fusion and mechanical systems both have their advantages and disadvantages, and your selection should be based on budget, frequency of installation and type of installation.

The below chart summarizes the pros and cons of each method. Additional information on termination tools, fiber optic cable and fiber optic connectors and splices can be found online at www.futurereadysolutions.com.

 



 

 
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                    [post_content] => We're often asked: what are the essential testing tools that my technicians absolutely need? After all, there are hundreds of products that analyze low-voltage signals, cables and connections. Some are feature rich, others target affordability. But what testers are essential? Which tools speed up installations and service calls, ensuring infrastructures meet specifications and signals perform flawlessly?

Future Ready Solutions offers a wide range of cable, network and audio-visual testing solutions that address specific applications:

 	
Copper Cable & Network Testers
 	
Fiber Optic Testers
 	
4K & 8K HDMI Testers

Within each category there's a range of solutions with often overlapping features and accessories. Some testers come in kits -- others are standalone devices. Some target high-end calibration -- others basic cable and connector integrity. And while every integrator and installation has a unique focus, there are essential tools that belong in every tool kit. This article explores some of the most popular ones.

 
Test Power over Ethernet and Power Supply Voltage
The Platinum Tools TPS200C is an easy-to-use, pocket-sized tester for DC power supplies and all varieties of PoE (including Type 3). It’s ideal for testing, monitoring and troubleshooting current to cameras, VOIP phones, access points and other PoE-based devices.

The TPS200C quickly detects PoE signal type and measures power consumption from both connected PoE devices and DC power supplies. It supports power signals up to 56 volts and 280 watts and is fully powered by the PoE circuit — no batteries required. It can be used inline to measure current without disrupting data flow or by itself in a Powered Device (PD) Simulation mode to determine the maximum power available from a PoE power source.

At a price under $100, the TPS200C is a vital and affordable tool that will save hours troubleshooting power draw and power supply related issues in the field.

 
Locate and Trace Hidden Cables
The Platinum Tools TDG310K1C is an easy-to-use digital tone and probe kit that locates, traces and tests individual and bundled low-voltage cables. Unlike analog tone and probe testers, the TDG310K1C is compatible with unpowered and active digital cables, including phone lines, twisted pair network cables and coaxial cables. It’s an essential tool for identifying and tracing modern cables within walls, plenum areas, racks and other restricted, closed off or hard to reach spaces.

In addition to cable identification and tracing, the TDG310K1C also features built-in RJ45 connection testing that verifies proper RJ45 termination, including continuity, pinout and short circuits. Other user-friendly features include audible and visual signal strength indicators, a built-in high-intensity flashlight, a built-in headphone jack and an included carrying case.

At a price under $200, the TDG310K1C saves hours troubleshooting installations and cable paths, including those behind walls or buried in bundles, without the need to unplug connections or disable network traffic.

 
Quickly Test Twisted Pair Cables
The Platinum Tools TP500C LANSeeker is an easy-to-use, pocket-sized cable tester and tone generator designed for twisted pair network cables. It’s ideal for quickly identifying shorts, opens, miswires, reverse pairs and split pairs.

The TP500C includes a main testing unit with a conveniently attached remote. When connected to a cable, easy-to-read LEDs identify cabling issues within 2 seconds. When disconnected from a cable, the main tester and remote automatically power-off within 5 seconds.

In addition to identifying common cabling issues, the TP500C also generates audio tones for use with tone tracers on all pairs and features a built-in debug mode that displays faults one pair at a time.

At a price under $100, the TP500C LANSeeker is a vital and affordable tool for identifying cable and connector issues on a pair-by-pair basis, ensuring network and AV installations are up-and-running quickly and properly.

 
Test and Map Twisted Pair and Coax Cables
The Platinum Tools VDV MapMaster 3.0 is a powerful, easy-to-use twisted pair network cable tester that combines continuity testing, mapping, tone generation and length measurement into a single system. It’s ideal for installing, troubleshooting and maintaining voice, data and video infrastructures.
The VDV MapMaster combines powerful features with essential performance. Features include an easy-to-read backlit display, a built-in flashlight, glow-in-the-dark buttons and built-in master remote storage. When deployed, industry-leading capacitive testing technology tests and maps cables and connections up to 1000 feet (305m).
In addition to testing and mapping, the VDV MapMaster also features advanced network discovery which detects and activates device ports and connections.
The VDV MapMaster testing system is available in two models: the basic kit with a compact roll-up soft-style carrying case (part number T130K1) and the deluxe kit with a larger over-the-shoulder bag and additional accessories (part number T130K3). All models feature the same testing and mapping capabilities, and most integrators opt for the basic kit priced around $230.
 
Certify Network Speeds and Test Twisted Pair and Fiber Optic Cables
The Platinum Tools PT-OTDR-100 is a powerful, easy-to-use multifunction tester for both twisted pair and fiber optic cables. It provides a variety of cable length, quality and mapping tests, including optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR), continuity, loss, event wiremap, IP and fault testing.

OTDR testing is particularly useful in fiber-based infrastructures because it measures overall cable length and length to fault through a short pulse of light. The PT-OTDR-100 allows these tests to be saved and exported, allowing a cable’s performance to be compared overtime. OTDR testing is supported for lengths from 3 meters up to 105 kilometers.

Additionally, the PT-OTDR-100 also features a built-in flashlight, 10mW visual fault locator (VFL), optical power meter (OPM) and optical light source (LS).

For added versatility, the PT-OTDR-100 also features RJ45 and twisted pair testing, including continuity verification and twisted pair TDR length measurement.

At a price around $750, the PT-OTDR-100 is an extremely affordable tool for identifying twisted pair and fiber optic cable and connector issues, as well as analyzing network signals. Its user-friendly touchscreen and rugged construction are perfect for field technicians and network engineers.

 
Locate Fiber Optic Breaks, Verify Connectors and Trace Cables

The LightSpeed Technologies® VFL-1 is a compact fiber optic visual fault locator (VFL) that’s ideal for locating breaks and out-of-spec bends in a fiber optic cable. It’s also a crucial tool for verifying mechanical fiber optic connectors are terminated properly and identifying strands during splicing and/or patching.

At a price under $50, the VFL-1 is very affordable and comes loaded with features including a transmission distance of 5km / 3.1 miles, rugged metal housing, built-in dust cap and multiple modes of operation.

The VFL-1 is compatible with both multimode and single mode fiber, and supports all common connector formats.

 
Test & Troubleshoot 4K & 8K HDMI 
The Murideo MU-FXHD-KIT-8K Fox & Hound testing and troubleshooting kit addresses common 4K and 8K issues, including bandwidth, signal continuity, EDID irregularities, HDCP handshaking, metadata quirks with HDR and 2 – 8 channel audio confirmation. It’s an essential tool for rapidly detecting and resolving issues between HDMI cables, active optical cables and audio-visual electronics in the field.

Though the Fox & Hound costs more than the other solutions on this list (around $1,500), it justifies the expense with an extremely robust complement of features and signal format compatibility. It's one of the few field-rated products that supports VESA, 720, 1080p, 4K or 8K signals with up to 40Gbps video bandwidth, including full HDR, HDR10+ and HLG support.

The Fox & Hound kit includes separate signal analyzers and generators designed for ergonomic use. Simply put: if you install or service HDMI cables and equipments, the Fox & Hound should be in your tool kit.

 

Purchased together, the total cost for all the testers on this list is around $2,775 -- that's a tremendous value considering the hours saved when installing, troubleshooting and servicing network, control and audio-visual systems. Of course, the cost will fluctuate when tools are added or subtracted from the list and, as mentioned earlier, it's worth reviewing the broader Future Ready Solutions tool and tester offering.

 


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            [post_content] => Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) batteries store energy and provide backup power when the main power source fails. The technology used in UPS batteries has evolved over time and today a variety of options exist depending on budget, environment, desired lifecycle and even safety requirements.

This article explores the pros and cons behind five major battery types: lead acid, lithium iron phosphate, sodium-ion, lithium-ion and nickel-cadmium. All are leveraged by modern UPS systems; however, newer technology (namely lithium iron phosphate and sodium-ion) are rapidly gaining popularity for their cost-to-performance balance, safety ratings and low environmental impact.

 
Lead Acid (SLA)
Lead acid batteries are one of the most commonly used constructions in UPSs. They are reliable, cost-effective, easy to manufacture and offer a relatively large storage capacity; however, they have a shorter lifespan, heavier weight and occupy a much larger footprint than other battery types. Lead acid UPSs are generally cheaper to purchase upfront, but their short life makes them a much costlier option overtime -- especially when used in larger whole-building and mission-critical systems.

Another drawback with lead acid batteries is their environmental impact. Lead is a toxic material that requires specialized handling and disposal, and lead acid batteries tend to recharge inefficiently causing them to draw more power than other UPS options.

 	
Typical Battery Life: 2 - 3 years
 	
Upfront Cost: Low
 	
Long-Term Cost: High
 	
Maintenance: High
 	
Maximum Operating Temperature:  32 - 104 degrees F
 	
Environmental Impact: Medium

 
Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4)
Lithium iron phosphate batteries are rapidly gaining popularity with UPS manufacturers due to their long life, low maintenance and ecological benefits. Not to be confused with lithium-ion which we'll discuss later, lithium iron phosphate technology is also safe and stable even in warm conditions. In fact, they tend to outperform most other battery formats -- including lead acid -- in high temperature environments.

Lithium iron phosphate batteries have a 3x greater average lifespan (8 - 10 years) than traditional lead acid technology with very little maintenance required. Additionally, they are non-toxic and don't contain cobalt, a metal with environmental and ethical issues.

The downside to lithium iron phosphate is it's upfront cost, and UPSs built with lithium iron phosphate batteries tend to have a higher initial cost but a lower overall cost considering their long life, low maintenance need and highly efficient performance.

 	
Typical Battery Life: 8 - 10 years
 	
Upfront Cost: High
 	
Long-Term Cost: Low
 	
Maintenance: Low
 	
Maximum Operating Temperature:  32 - 113 degrees F
 	
Environmental Impact: Medium

 
Sodium-Ion (Na-Ion / SIB)
Sodium-ion battery technology has seen a resurgence in recent years due to it's low cost, wide temperature operating range, reliability and low ecological footprint. As their name implies, sodium-ion batteries use sodium ions to store and maintain an electric charge. Sodium, an abundant and low cost mineral, performs extremely well over long periods of time and in extreme conditions, and sodium-ion batteries are typically rated for 10 - 15 years in temperatures up to 140 degrees F.

The downside to sodium-ion technology is its low energy density, resulting in larger and heavier UPSs.

 	
Typical Battery Life: 10 - 15 years
 	
Upfront Cost: Low
 	
Long-Term Cost: Low
 	
Maintenance: Low
 	
Maximum Operating Temperature:  -4 - 140 degrees F
 	
Environmental Impact: Low

 
Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion)
Not to be confused with lithium iron phosphate which we discussed above, lithium-ion technology is being phased out of UPS use due to thermal concerns. As noted with consumer electronics, lithium-ion batteries can overheat uncontrollably, releasing gas and potentially causing a fire or explosion when damaged or operated in a hot environment.

That said, lithium-ion technology is still used due to its moderate cost and longer lifespan; however, regular inspection is recommended.

 	
Typical Battery Life: 8 - 10 years
 	
Upfront Cost: Medium
 	
Long-Term Cost: Medium
 	
Maintenance: Low
 	
Maximum Operating Temperature:  32 - 104 degrees F
 	
Environmental Impact: Medium

 
Nickel-Cadmium (NiCd)
Nickel-cadmium batteries have largely been phased out of UPS use due to their high overall cost and negative environmental impact. Though they have a long lifespan (15 - 20 years), nickel-cadmium batteries tend cost more than other battery constructions due to required maintenance and difficulties with manufacturing.

Additionally, nickel-cadmium batteries contain both nickel and cadmium -- two highly toxic materials -- making disposal difficult. Combine this with a large physical footprint and a tendency to loose charge even when not being cycled, and nickel-cadmium has rapidly lost favor with most UPS manufacturers.

 	
Typical Battery Life: 15 - 20 years
 	
Upfront Cost: Medium
 	
Long-Term Cost: High
 	
Maintenance: High
 	
Maximum Operating Temperature:  -4 - 104 degrees F
 	
Environmental Impact: High

 

Ready to purchase? Future Ready Solutions offers whole building and point-of-service UPS systems leveraging several of the technologies detailed above. Please contact us to discuss products and applications.

 



 
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UPS Battery Technology: What’s Best and is it Safe?

By Eric Bodley in Power Dec 30, 2024 0 comment

Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) batteries store energy and provide backup power when the main power source fails. The technology used in UPS batteries has evolved over time and today a variety of options exist depending on budget, environment, desired lifecycle and even safety requirements. This article explores the pros and cons behind five major battery […]

Read More

Integrator Branded Brochures

By Eric Bodley in Power, Business Dec 24, 2024 0 comment

Engage customers and grow your brand with custom brochures from Future Ready Solutions. We offer a variety of white papers, brochures and solution guides that help explain the latest technology trends to home owners, building managers, architects and consultants, all branded with your logo and contact information. Popular topics include: identifying and solving power problems, […]

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10 Reasons to Sell Centralized UPS Systems

By Eric Bodley in Power Dec 17, 2024 0 comment

Centrally located uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems are one of the fastest growing product categories for audio-visual integrators. Historically deployed only for remote racks and devices, UPSs located at the main power panel protect and optimize power for the entire building from a single, easy-to-install and service location. If you’re new to the category and […]

Read More

7 Reasons Why It’s Easy to Install a Centralized UPS System

By Eric Bodley in Power Dec 17, 2024 0 comment

Centrally located uninterruptible power systems (UPS) are one of the fastest growing product categories for audio-visual integrators. Historically deployed only for remote racks and devices, UPSs located at the main power panel protect and optimize power for the entire building from a single, easy-to-install and service location. Whether you’re new to the category or simply […]

Read More

10 Common Power Problems

By Eric Bodley in Power Dec 15, 2024 0 comment

Power problems are the scourge of residential and commercial electronics, not to mention the toll they take on productivity and relaxation. Disruptions and irregularities in the power system, including voltage spikes (surges), voltage fluctuations (brownouts), dips (sags), total outages (blackouts) and noise (interference), affect electronic signal performance, damage electronic circuits and even create a fire […]

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Understanding Fiber Connector Types

By Eric Bodley in Fiber, Cable, Connectors Nov 22, 2024 0 comment

Fiber optic connectors are available in a variety of formats depending on the cable type and connection style. This article explores the connectors commonly used in audio-visual, networking, broadcast, broadband internet and other low-voltage applications.   Before We Begin: Understanding Connector Polish Fiber optic cable typically follows an industry-standard color code: a yellow jacket denotes single […]

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Connecting Twisted Pair Devices to a Fiber Optic Cable

By Eric Bodley in Fiber, Signal Distribution, Networking Nov 22, 2024 0 comment

While fiber optic ports are becoming increasingly common on networked electronics, the majority of connected devices still rely on RJ45 twisted pair connections. To help bridge the copper-fiber divide, media converters and transceiver modules (also known as SFPs or mini-GBICs) are often required. Media converters effectively convert one “media” format to a different media format — i.e., copper to fiber and […]

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Extending Security Cameras over Fiber

By Eric Bodley in Fiber, Signal Distribution, Networking, Security Nov 21, 2024 0 comment

While fiber optic ports are becoming increasingly common on networked electronics, the majority of security and access control devices still rely on RJ45 twisted pair  connections. To help bridge the copper-fiber divide, media converters and transceiver modules (also known as SFPs or mini-GBICs) are often required. Media converters effectively convert one “media” format to a […]

Read More

Mechanical vs. Fusion Splicing — What’s Best?

By Eric Bodley in Fiber, Tools Nov 19, 2024 0 comment

Fiber has become more widely integrated thanks to its bandwidth, reliability, durability and cost. In fact, many installations now include fiber in each standard prewire bundle thanks to bulk cable costs under $0.30 per foot. However, cable alone won’t make an installation — cable requires the termination of connectors, and often multiple cables must be […]

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Essential Testing Equipment for AV Technicians

By Eric Bodley in Testers Oct 16, 2024 0 comment

We’re often asked: what are the essential testing tools that my technicians absolutely need? After all, there are hundreds of products that analyze low-voltage signals, cables and connections. Some are feature rich, others target affordability. But what testers are essential? Which tools speed up installations and service calls, ensuring infrastructures meet specifications and signals perform […]

Read More